Obesity Obese And Obese - 1234 Words

More than half a billion people throughout the world are considered obese. More than one third of Americans today, are considered as being obese. The fourteenth most obese state for children in the United States is Illinois. Thirty-four percent of children in Illinois are obese. The twenty-fifth most obese state for adults in the United States is Illinois. Twenty-nine percent of adults are obese. Twenty-five percent of adults live an inactive lifestyle and have very little physical activity. Being an obese child increases the chances of having a severely obese adulthood. Obesity is a condition of being very fat or overweight. Your body mass index or your BMI is an index for assessing overweight and underweight, obtained by dividing body weight in kilograms and height in meters squared. A measure of 25 to 29.9 for your BMI is considered overweight. Thirty or higher for a BMI is considered obese. Obesity affects at least 30% of the world’s population. Becoming obese includes many factors. Due to the fact of higher production in unhealthy foods, such as fast foods and an increase of price for healthier foods; many people choose or have an unhealthy diet. Other reasons for people becoming obese include: Consuming too many calories, leading a sedentary lifestyle, not sleeping enough, endocrine disrupters, quitting smoking, medications, self-perpetuating, and obesity gene. Consuming too many calories is one of the many factors that contribute to obesity. When youShow MoreRelatedObesity : The Most Obese Countries Worldwide1428 Words   |  6 Pages America is one of the most obese countries worldwide; however, it is an obvious statement if applied to the real world around you. There are several fast food locations within blocks from each other on most streets. Fast foods, however, are not the only source of obesity; stress is also another factor that contributes greatly to weight gain in which one becomes overwhelmed with feel ings and they seek food for comfort. Obesity might not be considered such a serious disease like cancer or AIDSRead MoreObesity : The Average Percent Of People Getting Obese1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe average percent of people getting obese is increasing daily. Jay Zagorsky, a scientist at Ohio State University writes that the rate of obesity in USA increased from 13% in the 1960s to 35% (Vanderkam). The people who are getting obese are different genders, but Jay Zagorsky stated that women who receives public assistance have a higher possibility of getting obese than who don’t (Vanderkam). Research from Health Policy Tracking Service, 2008, emphasizes that â€Å"A greater percentage of adolescentsRead MoreObesity : The Epidemic Of Supersized ( Overweight And Obese ) Kids2504 Words   |  11 PagesMorgan Messick Professor Patricia McKeown English 102 22 June 2016 Nutrition 101 According to Barbara Wexler, â€Å"One of the most disturbing observations about overweight and obesity in the United States is the epidemic of supersized (overweight and obese) kids† (Wexler). Today many children can be persuaded to choose the wrong option when it comes to deciding what may or may not be right for their bodies. There are a number outside forces that can depict on how they make decisions based on theirRead MoreObesity And Depression : A Study On The Obese, Depressed, And Healthy Population1780 Words   |  8 PagesResearch Approaches Specific Aim 1 Specific Aim 1 is to perform a longitudinal study on the population to compare the obese, depressed, and healthy population. This aim will test the hypothesis that Obesity and Depression have a correlational relationship. We will be accomplished by observing the entire population of Birmingham and grouping each individual with regards to age, sex, ethnicity, history of Single Major Depressive Disorder (MDD-S)(determined by the Composite International DiagnosticRead MoreMcdonald s And Obesity : A Big Part On Why Americans Are Obese1690 Words   |  7 PagesSummary: The case study on McDonald’s and obesity discusses how McDonald’s is a big part on why Americans are obese. McDonald’s is the most famous, successful fast food restaurant not only in the United States, but worldwide. This is because McDonald’s is convenient, affordable, fast, and located literally everywhere. Many individuals blame McDonald’s for being the ultimate cause of obesity in the United States. This is because McDonald’s targets young children by creating the happy meals and addingRead MoreHealth Improvement Strategies For Obesity And The Effect Being Obese Has On Young People2155 Words   |  9 PagesThis essay shall look at the importance of health improvement strategies in relation to obesity and the effect being obese has on young people. In particular the focus shall be on overcoming obesity and reducing the risk of problems it could cause for individuals in later life. There are many health improvement strategies in place for obesity which aim to encourage individuals to lose weight and maintain a healthy lifestyle. I shall be focusing on in particular an app for smartphones calledRead MoreObesity Become Worldwide Health Problem With Increasing Numbers Of Overweight And Obese Individuals With The Time1826 Words   |  8 Pages1.0 Introduction: Recently, Obesity become worldwide health problem with increasing numbers of overweight and obese individuals over the time. Obesity can be linked with higher risk of suffering from different chronic diseases such as, type two diabetes and cardiovascular disease (NHS Choices, 2014). Therefore, there was interest in eating strategies to suppress appetite and facilitate weight maintenance. There were some evidence showed that increase vegetables and fruits daily intake mayRead MoreAre Obese Children Doomed to be Obese Adults? Essay1414 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Do You Think Obese Children are doomed to be Obese Adults?† In the subject of debates, a debate is an argument of a current event or other controversial topic that provides both sides of an argument. These could be negative and positive things or pros and cons of a topic. You can debate about almost anything as long as it is debatable and worth debating over. Some popular topics to debate about are school uniforms, playing music during class, abortion, obesity, health care reform, politics, andRead MoreBody Mass Index1378 Words   |  6 PagesObesity is a known disease that is found around us. Everywhere we go we see obese people. But what is obesity? Obesity is defined as having an excessive amount of body fat which applies to people who are overweight. There are many health risks that coincide with obesity, which makes it a dangerous disease. Furthermore, obesity is becoming an enormous problem since it is increasing drastically. About 38% of the world population is obese and that percentage is steadily rising. So what causes theseRead Mo reObesity As A Disease?1512 Words   |  7 PagesObesity as a Disease Recently, a lot of debate has gone around about whether or not obesity is considered a disease or not. It is very difficult to pinpoint one sole reason obesity is occurring in people, there are many different justifications for what causes a person to become obese. Obesity is a disease that is currently sweeping the entire world. Percentages of not just adults, but children are skyrocketing like never before. People have never been so overweight until now. I am going to examine

Should College Athletes Be Paid Essay - 1519 Words

One school of thought currently cycling throughout media circles is the definition and compensation of college student-athletes. Some colleges and universities provide student-athletes with complete or partially-paid tuition expenses, lodging, books, and other educational incidentals while the athlete plays sports at their institution. Many advocates for fair market compensation for college athletes argue that some Division 1 athletes â€Å"labor under very strict or arduous conditions, so they really are laborers in terms of the physical demands on them while they are also trying to go to school† (Cooper 12), but college athletes are primarily students and athletes second. The opportunity to play sports does not exist without the establishment of the institution as an educational foundation first that develops mascots and athletic programs after the fact. College athletes should not be additionally compensated beyond traditional athletic scholarships because college athletes are primarily students who also have the opportunity to play sports while receiving an advanced education. College institutions are initially created to provide an advanced education for students, and extra-curricular athletic programs are established after the fact. Institutions make investments in athletes that can provide the university with monetary gains, and in return, the athlete either receives full or partially-paid tuition, housing, books, and meal plans, if it is not a private school. An athleteShow MoreRelatedShould College Athletes Be Paid?1578 Words   |  7 PagesAshay Mehta Nou Per 8 Should College Athletes Be Paid? One of the hottest debates in the sports industry is if college athletes should be paid. If you want to pay these athletes, how would the college determine the dollar amount that should be paid? Should the basketball team make more than the football team? Should the the soccer team be paid as well? Cheerleading? Chess team? Should everyone on the team get a salary? What if your college is good at football and your basketball team is awfulRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1398 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieve that college athletes at the highest performing schools are better treated than others. Although they do not get paid, they do receive some benefits for being athletes that other students would not get. One advantage for playing a sport is access to scholarships that some schools reserve for their athletes. Depending on the school and the athlete’s performance, money towards tuition is often given. Only some schools are willing to grant â€Å"full-ride† scholar ships for certain athletes. AccordingRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1364 Words   |  6 PagesHave you paid attention to all of the news that has been surfacing about collegiate sports lately? It is a big topic now days in the world of sports on weather college athletes should be getting paid to play sports. College athletics have gained great popularity of the past few decades, and have brought schools lots of revenue. A lot of college athletes think they should be getting paid for their services they do for their school. College sports like basketball and football generate over six billionRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1289 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the years college sports have been about the love of the game, filled with adrenaline moments. However, the following question still remains: Should college athletes get paid to play sports in college? Seemingly, this debate has been endless, yet the questions have gone unanswered. The National Collegiate At hletics Association (NCAA) plays a vital role in this debate. The NCAA is a billion dollar industry, but yet sees that the athlete should get paid for their hard work and dedicationRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1130 Words   |  5 PagesWhat college athlete would not want to be paid to play the sport that he or she loves? The real question is, though, should college athletes be paid for their roles in a college’s athletics? They are many points to each side of this recent controversial topic, which is why this has been made into such a hot debate in the past couple of years. As of right now, these athletes are not getting paid, but many of them truly believe that they should. Others believe that they already are being paid throughRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1334 Words   |  6 Pagesrising to the surface is â€Å"Should college athletes be paid?†. This has become a burning question. The NCAA is a multibillion-dollar industry, that makes milli ons, if not billions, in revenue. Yet it’s still maintains the non-profit status meaning that the industry is not set on making a profit and none of the revenue that is made is distributed to its members, managers, or officers. While most players who play in college sports are under a scholarship, that pays for the college tuition, books, and housingRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1239 Words   |  5 PagesLindsey Simmerman Speech 102 T/Th 1:00-2:15 October 25, 2016 Should college athletes be paid to play? Specific Purpose: To persuade the class to agree with my stance on paying college athletes to play sports Thesis: College football is the hours players spend practicing and performing, the number of injuries the players face, and the persona these athletes must portray every day all the while watching their schools, coaches, and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) get all the compensationRead MoreCollege Athletes Should Be Paid1254 Words   |  6 PagesSome college athletic departments are as wealthy as professional sports teams. The NCAA has an average annual revenue of $10.6 billion dollars. College athletes should be paid because of the amount of revenue that they bring to their college. Each individual college should pay its athletes based on how much revenue they bring to the college in which they attend. The colleges that win their Division title, their Conference title, or the National championship, give bonuses to the Head coach of thatRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?986 Words   |  4 PagesPaying the College Athlete The college athlete has steadily grown in popularity in the United States over the span of the past decades. Monetarily speaking, this increased publicity has been extremely beneficial for National Athletic Association (NCAA) and all the colleges involved in athletics which has sparked the dispute of whether or not the athlete should be paid for their hard work and dedication on the field and to their school or if the athletic scholarship is more than enough. College athletesRead MoreCollege Athletes Should Not Be Paid1558 Words   |  7 Pagesstudent-athletes participate in a variety of different sports, and currently they do not receive paychecks for their performances. College athletics have attained an extensive popularity increase among Americans over the past few decades. This has resulted into increased revenues for the National Collegiate Athletic Association [NCAA] and the participating colleges, which has fuelled the debate of whether or not college athletes should colle ct an income. College athletes should not be paid to play

Control Chart Free Essays

Tables of Constants for Control charts Table 8A – Variable Data ref : AIAG manual for SPC X bar and R Charts Chart for Averages Control Limits Factor Subgroup size (n) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 25 A2 1. 880 1. 023 0. We will write a custom essay sample on Control Chart or any similar topic only for you Order Now 729 0. 577 0. 483 0. 419 0. 373 0. 337 0. 308 0. 223 0. 153 Chart for Averages Chart for Standard Deviation (s) Chart for Ranges (R) Divisors Divisors to to Control Estimate Factors for Control estimate Factors for Control Limits Factor Limits Limits ?x ?x d2 1. 128 1. 693 2. 059 2. 326 2. 534 2. 704 2. 847 2. 970 3. 078 3. 472 3. 931 D3 0. 076 0. 136 0. 184 0. 23 0. 347 0. 459 Centerline X bar and R Charts CL X = X CLR = R X bar and s Charts X bar and s charts CLX = X CL s = s Institute of Quality and Reliability www. world-class-quality. com D4 3. 267 2. 574 2. 282 2. 114 2. 004 1. 924 1. 864 1. 816 1. 777 1. 653 1. 541 A3 2. 659 1. 954 1. 628 1. 427 1. 287 1. 182 1. 099 1. 032 0. 975 0. 789 0. 606 c4 0. 7979 0. 8862 0. 9213 0. 9400 0. 9515 0. 9594 0. 9650 0. 9693 0. 9727 0. 9823 0. 9896 B3 0. 030 0. 118 0. 185 0. 239 0. 284 0. 428 0. 565 Control Limits UCLX = X + A2 R LCL UCLR = D4 R LCL R = D3 R UCLX = X + A3 S LCL X = X ? A3 S UCL s = B4 s LCL s = B 3 s Control Chart Factors X = X ? A2 R B4 3. 267 2. 568 2. 266 2. 089 1. 970 1. 882 1. 815 1. 761 1. 716 1. 572 1. 435 ?x R d2 s c4 Page 1 of 3 Tables of Constants for Control charts Table 8B Variable Data ref : AIAG manual for SPC Median Charts Chart for Medians Charts for Individuals Chart for Individuals Chart for Ranges (R) Control Divisors to Limits Estimate Factors for Control Factor Limits ?x Subgroup size 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ~ A2 1. 880 1. 187 0. 796 0. 691 0. 548 0. 508 0. 433 0. 412 0. 362 d2 1. 128 1. 693 2. 059 2. 326 2. 534 2. 704 . 847 2. 970 3. 078 D3 0. 076 0. 136 0. 184 0. 223 D4 3. 267 2. 574 2. 282 2. 114 2. 004 1. 924 1. 864 1. 816 1. 777 Centerline CL Median Charts ~ X ~ =X CLR = R Charts for Individuals CL X =X CLR = R Institute of Quality and Reliability www. world-class-quality. com Control Limits Factor E2 2. 660 1. 772 1. 457 1. 290 1. 184 1. 109 1. 054 1. 010 0. 975 Chart for Moving Range (R) Divisors to Estimate Factors for Contr ol ?x Limits d2 1. 128 1. 693 2. 059 2. 326 2. 534 2. 704 2. 847 2. 970 3. 078 D3 0. 076 0. 136 0. 184 0. 223 D4 3. 267 2. 574 2. 282 2. 114 2. 004 1. 924 . 864 1. 816 1. 777 Control Limits UCL ~ X ~ ~ = X + A2 R UCLR = D4 R UCL X = X + E 2 R UCLR = D4 R Control Chart Factors LCL ~ X ~ = X ? A2 R LCL R = D3 R LCL X = X ? E 2 R LCL R = D3 R Page 2 of 3 Tables of Formulas for Control charts Table 8 C Attribute Data ref : AIAG manual for SPC Centerline Control Limits Samples not necessarily of constant size UCL p chart for CL p = p proportions of units in a category pi = p+3 c chart for number of incidences in one or more categories ni LCL p i = p ? 3 p (1 ? p ) ni If the Sample size is constant (n) UCL p = p + 3 np chart for umber / rate of units in a category p (1 ? p ) p (1 ? p ) n LCL p = p ? 3 p (1 ? p ) n CL = np np UCLnp = np + 3 np(1 ? p) LCLnp = np ? 3 np(1 ? p) CL c = c UCLc = c + 3 c LCLc = c ? 3 c Samples not necessarily of constant size CLu = u u chart for number of incide nces per unit in one or more categories UCLu = u + 3 LCLu = u ? 3 u ni UCL u = u ? 3 u n UCL u = u ? 3 u n using average sample size UCL u = u + 3 u n If the sample size is constant (n) UCL u = u + 3 Institute of Quality and Reliability www. world-class-quality. com u ni u n Control Chart Factors Page 3 of 3 How to cite Control Chart, Essay examples

Evolution of Cloud Computing-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloud Computing. Answer: Introduction With the paradigm shift experienced in information and communication technology (ICT or IT), cloud computing has emerged as a global phenomenon, spreading its wing over a wide horizon. The term cloud computing has become a part-and-parcel of modern multinational business corporations (MNCs) such as Apple, IBM, Google, and Amazon and so on. With the monumental development of internet and computational technologies, coupled with mobile technologies, cloud computing has emerged as an omnipotent and omnipresent phenomena. Keeping aside the commercial intent, cloud computing has also ushered significant benefits for general utility, for example in healthcare sector. Therefore, the following sections will critically discuss in detail the different modes of use and the beneficial as well as negative outcomes yielded by cloud computing. Conceptual framework Figure 1: Conceptual Framework (Source: Kavis, 20144, p.242) Defining cloud computing Kavis (2014, p.129) has defined cloud computing as delivering the computing services through the internet. In other words, cloud computing is involved in delivering on-demand computing resources through internet on a pay-for-use contract. Generally, the services provided through cloud computing spans over a wide horizon such as servers, databases, storages, analytics, storages, software application and many more. Pearson (2013, p.18) has mentioned core elements of cloud computing as- Pay-per-use Using as per the nature and time of requirement Third-party provided service Zero change in ownership of the original property (intellectual or physical) Figure 2: Core elements of cloud computing (Source: Pearson 2013, p.12) From this perspective, cloud computing can be termed as an unique service that can allow multiple users to gain access in a specific project simultaneously without jeopardising the functionality or security protocols of a network infrastructure, that too irrespective of geographical borders or time. Exploring the evolution of cloud computing The origin of term cloud computing is itself shrouded in cloud as there is no specific mention of this term in history. The initial schematics of cloud computing referred to the use of internet in connecting several computers and the term cloud was used there as a metaphor for inter-connectivity irrespective of space and time (Rittinghouse and Ransome, 2016, p.177). The cloud symbol was fort formally used in ARPANET in the early 1977s and later service resembling cloud computing was also used by CSNET in 1981. However, both these instances predate the formal origin of internet, therefore scholars are sceptic whether to define such usage as a proper cloud computing or not. A major step in the evolutionary landscape of cloud computing was realised during 1960s with the popularisation of Remote Job Entry (RJE). Remote service providing vendors such as IBM and DEC popularised this terminology (Ibm.com, 2017). Later, in the 1990s, offering of Virtual Private Network services by telecommunications companies gained significance popularity. Such services were available at a lower cost and allowed users to switch traffic for maintaining the balance of servers (Fernndez et al. 2014, p.385). The first modern appearances of term cloud computing traced in a Compaq internal document. Since 2000, cloud computing service ballooned and started to be used for commercial purpose, which was earlier used by governmental agencies such as NASA. Finally, with the introduction of Elastic Compute Cloud by Amazon in 2006, this computing service was introduced to common public and since then cloud computing has gained continuous momentum (Hwang et al. 2013, p.167). Critically analysing the theoretical underpinnings of cloud computing The theoretical standpoint of cloud computing can be best understood through a critical evaluation of major cloud service models. It can also help to ascertain the types of cloud services and thus comprehend the benefits and challenges associated with each of them. Fernando et al (2013, p.86) has identified three major types of cloud services frequently used in contemporary world - IaaS, SaaS and PaaS model. However, it should be noted that there are also several other services models used in the arena of cloud computing. Data Analytics as a service is one major example in this regard. Figure 4: Three Major Cloud Service Models (Source: Fernando et al. 2013, p.85) Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) One of the most rudimentary form of cloud computing, IaaS allows users to rent information technology infrastructure such as servers and networks, storage, operating system, virtual machines tec. As per Kavis (2014, p.165), IaaS involves a pay-per-use service and is the main benefit lies in the absence of investing a large amount of resource for building hardware. In addition, as the services are available for rent, the providers can supply flexible as well as informative services based on clients demands. Despite the advantages, IaaS is the most expensive mode of cloud computing and the client has to take care of backup system regularly. A prominent example of this type of cloud service is Amazon WS service. Platform as a service (PaaS) In the opinion of Al-Roomi et al. (2013, p.95), PaaS is a special type of cloud computing service that provides on-demand cloud -based environment to clients where they can develop, test, deliver and manage a wide range of software applications. Such service is beneficial for developers as it allows them to freely develop applications minus the headache over managing entire infrastructure. One major drawback of PaaS is that the user has virtually no control over the platform and has to depend solely on cloud provider. Googles App Engine can be cited as a suitable example for this type of cloud computing service. Software as a service (SaaS) As per Dinh et al. (2013, p.1589), SaaS allows the delivery of software applications through internet, generally in a subscription based mode. In this type of service, cloud service providers host, manage and undertakes the maintenance of software application and associated infrastructure. In this way, users can relish the benefits of using upgraded software applications without worrying about information loss. Hashem et al. (2015, p.99) has criticises this platform as the user is not authorised to add or modify any features, thus posing a limitation in application. Google Docs, a cloud-based document editor application is one famous example of SaaS. Figure 5: Adoption of Cloud Computing services (Sources: Rittinghouse and Ransome, 2016, p.172) These models are deployed into service through several forms. As commented by Oliveira et al. (2014, p.498), major deployment models include public cloud, community cloud, private cloud and hybrid cloud. Public cloud generally employs a SaaS mode and Google is a notable example of this type of cloud. On the other hand, private clouds are managed by private entities and maintenance of such cloud often involves high expense, owing to integrated firewall services. The disadvantages of these two cloud services were averted in hybrid cloud, where elements of private, public and community cloud services have been effectively blended in (Avram, 2014, p.530). This type of cloud service allows the movement of information an application between public and private clouds. CRM software platforms can be cited as an example of hybrid cloud. Critically evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing Now that most commonly used models of cloud computing and associated cloud services has been critically discussed, it is imperative to speculate the benefits provided by those cloud services, along with the challenges posed by them. Advantages of cloud computing As Avram (2014, p.529) has commented, cloud computing has revolutionised the business process by incorporating IT resources into it. As a result, contemporary organisations, irrespective of their nature and purpose, churn huge benefit from implementing cloud computing. Major benefits have been penned down in the following points- Cost efficiency As per Sicari et al. (2014, p.148), cloud computing is undoubtedly the most cost-effective mode of technology to be used in wide array of scenarios. Cloud computing has enabled organisation to cut down their capital expense involved in setting up IT infrastructure and its maintenance. Consequently, the costs for ensuring continuous power and cooling have also been transferred in other productive purposes. Furthermore, this service is also available at comparatively cheaper rate and clients can render this service as per their specific needs and requirements, thus saving cost from investing in unnecessary applications. Speed As most of cloud computing service providers supply self-service features, vast amount of information of resources can be processesed within a very short span of time. Sultan (2014, p.180) has stated that the added speed available in cloud computing service grants medical business greater flexibility and thus reduces the pressure associated with capacity planning. Global presence cloud computing services, not being limited to any physical IT infrastructure, grants greater elasticity to business in terms of scaling (Ibm.com, 2015). This helps individuals working from different corners of the world to smoothly collaborate with each other without much hassle. Increased productivity and performance IT industry often involves typical time consuming IT chores such as setting up hardware, software patching and so on. Fortunately, cloud computing has reduced the need for such activities and allowed IT organizations to focus on pursuing their business goals - thus increasing both organisational performance and productivity. Better reliability With the options of online storage, backup and recovery, cloud computing has increased the reliability and security of information (Azure.microsoft.com, 2017). As cloud service providers are responsible manage the security patching, user can store sensitive information without worrying much. Furthermore, the provision of data mirroring also grants additional layer of security in case information is lost from one host. Automated software upgradation and integration Another major benefit associated with cloud computing is that software used by users are automatically integrated in the cloud platforms, thus removing the additional effort of an user to customise the application s per personal requirement. Scalability and flexibility Assuno et al. (2014, p.12) has stated that cloud computing assist organisations to utilize additional resources as per their requirements, this amplifying the organisational productivity. Through the provision of easy resource sharing, organizational activities become more flexible and management can easily scale the outcomes of every activity efficiently. Automated and focussed approach Dinh et al. (2013, p.1595) has commented that cloud computing has enabled organisations to automate their processes so that data management requirements are addressed effectively. In turn, this has allowed resource sharing smoother and organisations can now focus on their productive activities such as research and development (RD) more effectively. Disadvantages of cloud computing Contrary to numerous advantages, cloud computing also incorporates several major threats that can be considered as it disadvantages. They are- Figure 5: Major disadvantages of cloud computing (Source: Kshetri 2013, p.372) Security issue In the opinion of Kshetri (2013, p.373), security concern is the major drawback of cloud computing. As in most of cases users cannot put additional encryption to the stored information, any malicious agent such as hacker can easily gain access to that information. Such cases are more prevalent where cloud service providers are not capable of augmenting highly efficient firewall mechanism. Furthermore, cloud-service provide a by a third-party provider often involves the risk of entire data loss if the service provider runs into any cyber-attack. Therefore it is recommended to the beneficiaries to carefully evaluate the security service provided in the cloud platform. Cost Although cloud computing may appear as cost-effective from the surface, it is often just tip-of-the-iceberg. Once an organisation shifts into cloud computing, it is virtually impossible to revert back to conventional mode. As a result, the organisation has to continually spend financial resources for hiring and maintaining the cloud service (Patel et al. 2013, p.27). In this way, cloud computing can become much costlier in the long run. Lack of flexibility As contradicted by Stojmenovic et al. (2016, p.2995), opting for cloud computing can permanently lock the bones procedure of an organisation into that mode, thus preventing additional formats or applications to be used in the future. For example, an organisation cannot use document made from another application in the Google Docs platform, as it simply would not support. Thus, cloud computing essentially hinders flexibility in operations. Apart from these major disadvantages, other drawbacks of cloud computing include lack of support (difficulty in obtaining customer service promptly), probability of breaching the confidentiality of sensitive information (breaching the data privacy protocols), backdated encryption technology (leading to major interception), lack of fixed and scheduled backup service, lack of control over data (as cloud platform is maintained by third-party vendor), malicious intents of intermediary agencies, lack of valid information over data storage location (data often stored in remote servers) and last but not the least lack of provision of audit (Sun et al. 2014, p.192). Identifying the gaps in policies and practices From the discussion made above, it is clear that major gaps associated with cloud computing involves involvement of high cost, lack of security and absence of any specific cloud computation policy. Absence of any robust policy allows misuse of cloud computing technology for malicious practices, thus bring the sensitive and valuable information stored into cloud at stake. Conclusion This paper has critically evaluated the advantages endowed and disadvantages posed by cloud computing (CC). For this purpose, an operational definition of cloud computing was furnished in the beginning of this paper. After that, the evolutionary perspective of cloud computing was penned down which depicted the origin of cloud in 1970s and its gradual development through the years. In the next section, most frequently used three models of cloud computing, namely IaaS, PaaS and SaaS were briefly discussed. The discussion followed by critical evaluation of the advantages and the disadvantages yielded by cloud computing. While the major advantages include increased speed, performance, productivity and reduction of cost; negative aspects include concern over data security and lack of effective control. Finally, gaps were identified from the discussion and it can be concluded that cloud computing is an effective tool of digital technology that can be used in different contexts and usher si gnificant benefits. However, the entity implementing cloud computing should be aware of the challenges and adopt necessary preventive steps. In this way, the paper has presented a holistic account on different aspects of cloud computing. Reference list Al-Roomi, M., Al-Ebrahim, S., Buqrais, S. and Ahmad, I., (2013). Cloud computing pricing models: a survey.International Journal of Grid and Distributed Computing,6(5), pp.93-106. Assuno, M.D., Calheiros, R.N., Bianchi, S., Netto, M.A. and Buyya, R., (2015). Big Data computing and clouds: Trends and future directions.Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing,79(8), pp.3-15. Avram, M.G., (2014). Advantages and challenges of adopting cloud computing from an enterprise perspective.Procedia Technology,12(9), pp.529-534. Azure.microsoft.com. 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