Chevy Ads Essays - Pickup Trucks, Station Wagons, Coupes

Chevy Ads Jimmy Van Epps Van Epps 1 English 101 8:00 Sevier 15 September 2000 More Than Four Wheels In today's fast paced society, a company's reputation is not based on its third quarter earnings or its profit sharing, but on its advertisements. When Budweiser comes up in conversation, one would immediately think of the Budweiser frogs. When the two percent milk runs out, just flip through a magazine to find five or six of today's celebrities smiling with a milk mustache. When a company has thirty seconds or one magazine page to sell their product, the add has to be sharp, concise, and molded to fit the audience of that specific customer base. By merely looking at two Chevrolet ads, one could easily tell which customer base each ad is targeted at; the Cavalier for the fun loving females and the Silverado for the macho men. Page seven of the 2001 Chevrolet Cavalier catalog shows three girls, whom all have been shopping, standing by an ultra silver metallic two-door Cavalier that is parked on the wrong side of the street. The three girls have smiles on their faces as they are loading their shopping bags into the trunk. The females just left the store called Deja Vu a Paris. The clothing store has red and pink flowers on the outside ledge. Just down the street from the upscale clothing store is a small bistro. The top of the ad shows the Cavalier web site. Very similar to the Internet Explorer menu bar, the Cavalier web site has links to everything from the Z24 coupe to the engineering features on the 2001 Cavalier. Below the menu bar and to the right there is an online conversation between Van Epps 2 Kate 123 and Aaron_ma. Kate tells Aaron that her insurance company gave her a break on the premium because her car has antilock brakes. Aaron responds by saying, yeah, I got that too. Kate finishes up by saying it (anti-lock brakes) cost extra on the Focus, Civic, and Neon. Kate also mentions that her dad says antilock brakes can really make a difference in steering clear of trouble. At the left, a slogan reads, ?Choose style, and substance, forever fashionable.? Below the slogan there are pictures of the air conditioning controls, a shot of the left rear wheel, a picture of a rear spoiler, and a picture of a sunroof. The text next to the air conditioning picture mentions how ?you'll stay oh-so-cool? with this never extra, always-standard-in-every-Cavalier feature. Next to the left rear wheel graphic, the ad explains that ABS will ?stop the lock? on most slippery surfaces and throws in that ABS is an expensive option on other small cars. The optional sport package is explained next t o the picture of the spoiler. This package includes a ?pumped up? rear spoiler, a tachometer, and a premium amplified audio system with rear woofer speakers. Next to the sunroof the ad reads, ?touch the sky, day or night,? with this electric sunroof, including a mirror mounted backlight. In the center, under the menu bar, the ad claims Cavalier is the lowest priced car in America with standard ABS, air conditioning, and rear-window defogger. The ad next mentions the safety with the steel body safety cage construction and Daytime running lamps. Chevrolet claims they are committed to making driving safer. The ad concludes by mentioning Cavalier's good looks, its 115 horsepower, 2.2-liter engine, and the option of a four speed automatic or a five speed manual transmission. Page eighteen of the 2000 Chevrolet Silverado catalog shows a Sunset Gold Van Epps 3 Metallic Silverado 2500 4x4 extended cab. Two men wearing hard hats are pictured in the truck going through desert mountains. The vegetation is sparse, as the driving surface is mostly rock and dirt. The bed of the truck is filled with a toolbox, generator, an industrial size pressure washer, and an orange Gott water cooler. The items are tied down using latching straps, which are looped through the tie-down brackets. The headline of the ad reads ?BIG JOB. BIG TRUCK. BIG 2500.?. The text then says, ?You've got a serious job to do.? The Chevrolet ad claims that the Silverado 2500 is the truck to help you

Enrollment to the Freelance Writing Course Closes Today

Enrollment to the Freelance Writing Course Closes Today Enrollment to the Freelance Writing Course Closes Today Enrollment to the Freelance Writing Course Closes Today By Daniel Scocco Today is your last chance to join the DWT Freelance Writing Course. Enrollment will remain open until midnight (GMT). The next edition of the course will take place only in mid-2013. Below, you’ll find what some of the past students had to say about the course: â€Å"What you supplied has far exceeded my expectations, both in content and value for money. I congratulate you on a job well done.† (Margaret Huggins, Australia) â€Å"I just wanted to let you know how much I enjoyed the online course. I have been researching content on how to establish a freelance writing career since earlier this year and your course provided information that I just haven’t been able to find anywhere else. Thanks for taking the time to develop this in a straightforward and manageable fashion.† (Yvonne Smith, United States) If youve been writing for a while as a hobby, this course will teach you the steps needed to take it further, into running your own business. With Alis writing skills and Daniels business acumen, youre really learning from people who have experience. The bonuses and private forum alone are worth the cost. (Rhys Winne, England) We also offer a 60-day money-back guarantee: If you are on the fence about joining, feel free to enroll and take the whole course. If, after that, you decide it was not what you were looking for, simply email us, and we’ll refund your money on the same day. Click here to visit the course page where you can enroll and check all the details, including the course structure, price and bonuses. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 English Grammar Rules You Should KnowHow to spell "in lieu of"One Scissor?

Short essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Short - Essay Example These countries portray in their films a lot about their festivals and ceremonies (Pickowicz 8). This tells us how festive these countries are. Chinese films also show the heroic struggle of the Chinese soldiers who reached their destination in the 1930s after the long march. An example of this is the Chinese movie named â€Å"The Long March†. The way Chinese films are made tells us that China has a strong film industry with talented actors. Russian films, like â€Å"Faust† by Alexander Sokurov, talk more about battles and wars, and portray the Russian history. Arabian films have their own special portrayal of beauty and culture. Arabian films, like â€Å"The Only Way Out† by director Haifaa Mainsour, talk about domestic problems of Arabian people. However, the way Arabian films are made shows that this country lacks a formal film industry, which is surely due to the conditions of Islam. Moreover, if we talk about German films, most of them portray the humorous n ature of the Germans which they are famous for. German comedy movies, like â€Å"Miss Congeniality 2 - Armed and Fabulous† and â€Å"The Edukators†, show the sense of humor Germans possess. Talking about Hollywood as another good example, films of USA show that a female is more like a sex symbol (Hollinger 281). Females are considered as the weaker and corrupt gender. Films like â€Å"Fatal Attraction† released in 1987 show that the real place of women is at home. Hollywood movies also talk about racism, which shows that the society of USA is affected by the harmful aspect of racism. Films, like â€Å"Crash† by Paul Haggis portray the issues of race and gender. Crash revolves around characters of different races falling into each other and realizing at the end that racial discrimination should be ended. Hollywood films are also famous for their action-adventure and catastrophe movies like â€Å"2012†. 2012 is a final action-adventure and a thrilled journey of human

Changes In School Security Policies Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Changes In School Security Policies - Article Example From the analysis of alternatives, installation of synchronized doors and effective emergency response procedures are the best policies. It is followed closely by special sections for disabled children and placing more responsibilities on school administrators. Considering all factors; economic, social and environment, the most suitable policy is the enhancement of school security systems and revision of emergency procedures. The policy is suitable since it offers the remedy for insecurity at a lower social cost. Moreover, the policy is affordable since the only cost involved is the installation of security systems. Revision of emergency response is costless. The policy can respond well to emergent issues such as child disappearance, and violence in school. Automatic doors ensure that only authorized persons to leave or enter a school. The policy would avert incidences such as carrying weapons to school. The policy would have averted the Avonte Oquendo case since he could not have el oped from school. The proposed policy is within the bounds of the law. However, legal experts may scrutinize the costs and follow up on the implementation. In addition, the policy does not negatively affect the subjects and the community. Critics may argue about the costs and time that it may take to fully implement the policy. However, most public policies are rolled out gradually, starting with the riskiest aspects. This implies that the policy would not be instant, but a gradual policy, allowing all stakeholders to familiarize with it.

Health Care Spending in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Health Care Spending in the US - Essay Example In 2012, the government assigned $3 trillion to health care. This was an increase from 2011 spending of $2.8 trillion. Researchers have used this to project a 4% growth rate in the national spending on health in the subsequent years. The rate of growth of national health spending in 2011 was 3.9% as compared to 3.7% growth in 2010. As a percentage of the nation’s gross domestic product, health care spending indicated a fairly stable 17.9 index between 2009 and 2011 (Peden, 2012). Looking at the nation’s spending on health care in 2011 by service, hospital care took $850.6 billion which was a 4.3% growth rate, and this was a drop from 4.9% rate in 2010. The slow growth was attributed to both the drop in price and use of hospital service experienced that year. Allocation to physician and clinical service in 2011 amounted to $541.4 billion which was a 4.3% growth as compared to the 3.1% 2010 growth. This change may have emanated from the increase in the use of services in 2011 despite the slowed growth in prices experienced the same year. Private health insurance and Medicare spent more in 2011 than in the previous year. Other professional services received $73.2 billion in 2011 that was a 4.9% growth rate over the expenditure for the same the preceding year. The national government in 2011 assigned $108.4 billion to dental services indicating a 3.0% growth over the previous year’s 2.7% growth. The spending for other health, residential and personal care services in 2011 came to $133.1 billion reaching a 4.0% growth as compared to 4.5% growth in 2010. Nursing care facilities and continuing care retirement communities stood at $149.3 billion in 2011 indicating a 4.4% growth over the previous year’s 3.2% growth (Jonas et. al., 2013). Homecare health care spending was $74.3 billion in 2011 indicating a 4.5% growth lower than 2010’s 5.8% growth. This slow growth was as a result of a fall in Medicare and Medicaid spending that year. T he national government allocated $263.0 billion to prescription drugs in 2011which translated to a 2.9% growth over the previous year’s 0.4% growth. This increase was due to an increase in the price of prescription drugs and additional spending on the new brand of drugs (Barr, 2011). Medical equipment received $38.9 billion which was a 5.3% growth in 2011 relative to 5.8% growth in 2010. Non-durable medical products were assigned $47.0 billion in 2011 which maintained the 2010 4.0% growth rate. Major sources of finance for heal care spending have been consistent. In 2011, Medicaid gave $407.7 recording a 2.5% growth relative to 5.9% growth in 2010. Medicaid registered 3.2% enrollment in 2011 which was a drop from 2010’s 4.9% enrollment (Jonas et. al., 2013). There was a decrease in federal Medicaid to 7.1% in 2011 while the state Medicaid expenditures increased to 22.2% owing to the lapse of the aid accorded states by the federal government that year. The OOP (Out-of-p ocket) spending was $307.7 billion in 2011 indicating a 2.8% increase from 2010’s 2.1% growth. Medicare accounted for 21% of the nation’s total spending on health in 2011. That year, it contributed $554.3 billion an outstanding growth to 6.2% as compared to 4.3% growth in 2010. This increase in growth was as a result of the fast growth in expenditure on nursing facilities and physician services and an accompanying

Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle (MNS) Properties

Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle (MNS) Properties INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Study Large amount of solid remnant from agriculture industries waste can create disposal problem to environment such as generation of odour and can attract pests that can endangered human health. Due to this problem the application of this waste is widely explored to control the disposal problem. According to Norsuraya, Fazlena and Norshasyimi (2016), primary fuel source and additive in construction industries utilise the application of solid residue. The example agricultural waste is corn cob, rice husk, sugarcane leaf and bagasse. Studies have been conducted to enhance the use of this solid residue into profitable product. One of the important element present in the waste is silica that has wide application. According to Norsuraya, Fazlena and Norshasyimi (2016), among the agriculture residue sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) consist the highest of the silica content with the value of 96.93%. This studies comply with the studies conducted by Rahman et al. (2015), that stated the amount of silica content in SCBA is more than 50%. Bagasse ash is the product of combustion of bagasse that are commonly used as a source energy to operate plant. Bagasse is one waste product in sugar industry that incurs additional disposal cost. Bagasse is cellular fiber remaining after extraction of the sugar-bearing juice from sugarcane. It consist of lignin (20-30 %), cellulose (40-45 %) and hemicelluloses (30-35 %) (Peng et al., 2009). The silica content varies depending on the environment, soil nature and the process involves in harvesting it. In Malaysia the application of Sugarcane Bagasse (SCB) is still not widely explored but studies already conducted to produce silica gel as adsorbent, additive for concrete, cosmetic and others because of its characteristic. SCB is more related to by-product in sugarcane mills industry. After the juice containing sucrose called as table sugar extracted from the sugarcane by pressing the sugarcane. The residue is the SCB which contains high fibrous residue. The largest sugarcane plantation in Malaysia is at the northern region of Malaysia which can produce more than 70 000 tonne of sugarcane. The sugarcane bagasse waste from the extraction process contribute to huge disposal waste problem. SCBA can be the most valuable stock for production of mesoporous silica that are useful application such as adsorption and catalyst (Rahman et al., 2015). For that purposes, the size and surface area of the mesoporous silica are importance. Mesoporous silica is a silica that has pore with diameter range of 2 50 nm depending on the process of synthesis of the mesoporous silica. The large surface area of the mesoporous silica functions as the active site that useful for the application such adsorption. Dye is a natural or synthetic materials that can add a specific colour onto the material that are applied to. Every year more than 10 000 types of dye are produced around the world and are used in different types of industries (Malakootian et al., 2015). The application of dye used widely from food industry to textile industry with the biggest consumer of dye is textile industry. This industry is known to be the one of the main contributor of industrial wastewater pollution and it is the most polluting of all the industrial sector. 10-50% of the dye will end up in the effluent (Axelsson et al., 2006). Dye are significantly toxic and mutagenic that poses hazard to aquatic life and living organism. One of example of dye is methylene blue (MB) that are an important aromatic compound with chemical formula of C16H18ClN3S. Large amount of this dye are released in the water sources and according to Malakootian et al. (2015) it is more importance removing dye from textile wastewater than tre ating other colourless organic and inorganic because only a small amount of dye can affect the water quality and colour. Various treatment method introduce to removes dye from textile wastewater such as physical, chemical and biological but it is not effective due to complex chemical structure that lead to resistant to this type of treatment other than the treatment cost. Thus, it is important to find other alternative process of removal of dye. Currently, the most known method to treat textile wastewater is by using adsorption process method because of it has more advantages compared to traditional method especially in environmental aspects and its ease of operation, cost effectiveness, biodegradability as well as greater efficiency. In order to carry out the adsorption, the main important thing is the adsorbent. According to Malakootian et al. (2015) the most typical adsorbent used for adsorption treatment for the removal of dyes from coloured water or wastewater, but due to its high production, regeneration and reactivation procedures cost research has been concentrated on alternative adsorbents with high adsorptive capacity and low cost such as mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN). These adsorbents have high efficiency due to their high surface area, high mechanical properties and good resistivity to thermal degradation, and they exist in several structures and amphoteric properties. 1.2 Problem Statement The wastewater from textile contain high concentration of dye. So it required for the effluent from the industry to undergo treatment. Wastewater resulting from these industries is generally characterize by high COD, pH, dissolved solid temperature and dye and surfactant content. Dye also can be toxic to environment because of its chemical properties. In order to treat effluent from textile industry that contain high percentage of dye, various method introduced and used. Examples of the methods are physical, chemical, biological, membrane separation, radiation, electrochemical, advanced oxidation, photolysis, electrochemical, sonolysis processes, etc. However, these methods are relatively ineffective because most dyes as azo reactive dyes are highly water soluble, have complex structures, and are stable to light, chemical and biological degradation, etc. Furthermore, these methods have certain disadvantages such as high capital and operational costs, secondary sludge disposal problems and the release of large volumes of toxic by-products (Malakootian et al., 2015). Among all these methods, adsorption is the best method because of its advantages and the best adsorbents is by using nanotechnology method such as Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle. It is because it has high adsorptive capacity and low cost. 1.3 Objectives of Study The objectives of the study can be outlined as follows: To prepare Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle (MSN) from bagasse ash To characterize the physicochemical properties of MSN. To study the potential of MSN as an environmental adsorbent in wastewater treatment 1.4 Research Scope The research is to investigate the effluent of low cost adsorbent materials which is Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle (MSN) from bagasse ash as the adsorbent to remove the Methylene Blue. The MSN are prepared from Sol-Gel Method and then Hydrothermal Synthesis by using formaldehyde, water and without formaldehyde and water. The MSN will be characterize and will be subjected to: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify the major functional chemical groups present in the silica Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to determine the average particle size and the morphology of the materials. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) to evaluate the specific surface area. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to evaluate the image of the MSN The performance of MSN adsorbent in removing methylene blue from aqueous solution will be carried out in various parameter which are: Effect of pH the aqueous methylene blue in pH 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 Effect of MSN dosage (0.1 g, 0.2 g, 0.3 g, 0.4 g and 0.5 g) Effect of initial concentration of aqueous methylene blue (10 ppm, 20 ppm, 30 ppm, 40 ppm and 50 ppm) Effect of temperature of the aqueous methylene blue (30 Â °C, 50 Â °C and 70 Â °C) The treated aqueous methylene blue dye will be characterized and subjected to UV-Visible Spectrometer (UV-Vis) to evaluate the percentage of methylene blue dye remove from the aqueous solution from adsorbent by MSN. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction One of the major problem in environment is water contamination. The bad effect of water contamination will affect everything in this world such as human, animals and plants. It is because water is the main elements to support all living things and earth. Nearly all of water contamination is caused by human activities. Apart from human activities, water contamination is also caused by natural waste. From long time ago, the water contamination is studied by researcher. There are many technique and method to treat and remove contaminants in the waste water. It is for preserving both human and the environment in this world. Among all contaminant in water, dye is one of the contaminant that exist in the water. The waster that contain dye is mainly from industry that related to textile industry, plastic and paper. It contain up to 10% of used dye. It is proven that dye is dangerous to all living things due to its harmful behaviour of dye molecules and their metabolites is significant for the development of strategies to diminish their desperate damaging impacts (Hebbar, Isloor, Zulhairun, Sohaimi Abdullah, Ismail, 2017). In addition to having harmful adverse effect, the presence of colour in water is visually unpleasant and can destroy the entire ecosystem. One of the most effective method to overcome the problem of effluent water containing dye is by using adsorption technique. It has been proven to be very effective by many researchers. This is because adsorption method offers more advantages compared to other method especially in environmental aspects and its ease of operation, cost effectiveness, biodegradability as well as greater efficiency. 2.2 Dyes Dyes are produced all over the world with approximately 10 000 different type of dyes produced per year and it has been used extensively in so many industries. Most common industry that utilizing dye is textile industry and estimated to utilize around 7 ÃÆ'- 105 1 ÃÆ'- 106 tons (Malakootian et al., 2015). Dyes are used to dye a textile products, fur products, and others. Dye can be originated mainly from vegetables and also animal sources. There also the existence of synthetic dye that replacing the natural sources. The main function of dye are to add colour to a certain materials such as textile. Dye are also generally utilized as part of industry such as rubber, paper, cosmetic etc. Among these different industry, textile industry positions first in utilization of dyes for colouring of fiber. The dye are constantly left as major waste in these industries. Because of their compound structure, dyes are impervious to fading on presentation of light, water and numerous chemicals and this manner are hard to be decolorized once discharged into the nature or aquatic environment. Basically, dyes are ionising and aromatic compound. Inside the dyes, there are chromophores present in them. Based on their structures of the dyes, it has aryl rings that has delocalised electron systems. These structures are said to be responsible for the adsorption of electromagnetic radiation that has varying wavelengths, based upon the energy of the electron clouds. Dye can influence aquatics life, human wellbeing and environmental framework when dye wastewaters are greatly released wastewater into water sources due to complex compound in the dye. It has big complicated molecular structure and harmful properties. It in the end rolls out improvements of ecological system and other serious pollution issues. Dye wastewaters can contain harmful organic residue with the significant mixes of phenol derivatives, aniline derivatives, organic acid and benzene derivatives (Likhar Shivramwar, 2013) 2.2.1 Classification of Dye Dyes can be characterized into a few classes as per their utilization, for example, reactive, disperse, direct, vat, sulphur, cationic, acid and solvent dyes. The classification of dyes according their application is as shown in table 2.1. Table 2.1: General dyes classification and its application (Hunger, 2003) Class Principal Substrate Application Chemical Types Acid Dyes Nylon, Wool, Silk, Paper, Inks and Leather Usually from neutral to acidic dyebaths Azo (including premetallised), antraquinone, triphenylmethane, azine, xanthene, nitro and nitroso Cationic (Basic Dyes) Paper, Polyacrylonitrile, Modified Nylon, Polyester and Inks Applied Applied from acidic dyebaths cyanine, hemicyanine, diazahemicyanine, diphenylmethane, triarylmethane, azo, azine, xanthene, acridine, oxanine and anthraquinone cotton, Direct Dyes Cotton, Rayon, Paper, Leather and Nylon Applied from neutral or slightly alkaline baths containing additional electrolyte Azo, phthalocyanine, stilbene and oxanine Dispersed Dyes Polyester, Polyamide, Acetate, Acrylic and Plastics Fine aqueous dispersions often applied by high temperature/ pressure or lower temperature carrier methods; dye may be padded on cloth and baked on or thermofixed Azo, anthraquinone, styryl, nitro and benzodifuranone Reactive Dyes Cotton, Wool, Silk and Nylon Reactive site on dye reacts with functional group on fiber to bind dye covalently under influence of heat and pH (alkaline) Solvent Azo, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, formazan, oxanine Solvent Dyes Plastics, Gasoline, Varnishes Lacquers, Stains, Inks, Fats, Oils and Waxes Dissolution in the substrate Azo, triphenylmethane, anthraquinone and phthalocyanine cotton Sulphur Dyes Cotton and Rayon Aromatic substrate vatted with sodium sulphide and reoxidised to insoluble sulphur- containing products on fiber Indeterminate structure Vat Dyes Cotton, Rayon and Wool Water-insoluble dyes Solubilised by reducing with Sodium hydrogensulphide, then exhausted on fiber and Reoxidised Anthraquinone (including polycyclic quinines) and indigoids Synthetic dye are being used extensively used in different dyeing industry with textile is leading industry that utilize it with 56% of world dye production annually. Its effluent contain critical level of organic contaminants, which are toxic as it will create odour, bad taste, unsightly colour, foaming, etc. These substances are often resistant to degradation by biological methods and are not removed effectively by conventional physico-chemical treatment methods. Removal of these dyes from effluents in an economic fashion remains a major problem for textile industries. 2.2.2 Methylene Blue Methylene Blue (MB) or also known as Methylthioninium Chloride was first synthesized at 1876 by a German Chemist, Heinrich Caro. Paul Guttman and Paul Ehrlich used MB in the treatment of Malaria dieses in 1891. During that time also, the function of MB as a dye were discovered and were used in First World War as a biological weapon and partially staining the soldiers. MB has many uses in different field, For instance, chemists use it to detect oxidizing agents and biologists use it to stain tissue samples and detect nucleic acids. In medicine, it is used as a treatment for various illnesses and disorders, including methemoglobinemia, schizophrenia, kidney stones, and herpes infections. In aquaculture, it is used to prevent freshwater fish eggs from being infected by bacteria and fungi (Methylene blue New World Encyclopedia, 2014) In term of dye application only, MB a basic blue dye used for dyeing silk, leather, plastics, paper, and cotton mordant with tannin as well as for the production of ink and copying paper in the office supplies industry. The release of this dye to earth is troubling for both toxicological and aesthetical reasons as dye hinder light infiltration, harm the nature of the accepting streams and are toxic to food chain organisms. The dye has a synthetic origin and complex aromatic molecular structures, it is an inactive and hard to biodegrade when released into waste streams. This perspective has dependably been neglected in their discharge. The removal of synthetic dye is of incredible worry since a few dyes and their degradation products might be cancer-causing agents and poisonous and, thus, their treatment cannot rely on upon biodegradation alone. Table 2.2: Properties of Methylene Blue (MB) METHYLENE BLUE IUPAC name 7-(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-3-ylidene]-dimethylazanium;chloride Properties Molecular formula C16H18ClN3S Molar mass 319.86 g/mol Density 43 600 mg/L at 25 Â °C Melting point 100 ÂÂ °C Boiling Point Decomposes Odour Odourless Solubility in water Soluble in ethanol, chloroform; slightly soluble in pyridine; insoluble in ethyl ether Adapted from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/methylene_blue#section=WIPO-IPC 2.2.3 Technologies for Dye Removal Dye are used widely in all sector to colour their product. In order to colour the product large amount of dye is used. Apart to colour their product the dye also been used as paper, and plastic. This will result in large amount of effluent containing dye as contaminant into the nature. According to study conducted by Axelsson et al. (2006), 10 50 % of the dye used in industry will go to effluent because of the dye molecule might react with hydroxyl ions in the solution giving rise to even more water-soluble hydrolysed molecules. Because of the good solubility of dye in water it will endangered the nature. It is also reported by Sapawe et al. (2012) that 15 % of the total world production of dyes is released in textile industry. This proves that from out of 7ÃÆ'-105 tons of effluent produce large number of dye is discharges as wastewater. Without further treatment to the effluent containing dye contaminant, it can cause extreme problems if not treated legitimately because of dyes are harmful, toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic to human life as well to another living organism (Sapawe et al., 2012). To treat the dye so many method had been introduced and the best method reported by Malakootian et al. (2015), is by using adsorption method and supported by Marrakchi, Ahmed, Khanday, Asif, Hameed (2017) due to some advantages. From all types of treatment, it can be classified into three categories which are divided for the technologies which are physical, chemical and biological. However, it is hard to treat the dye because of their synthetic origin and mainly complex aromatic structure. All of these technologies possess pros and cons. 2.2.3.1 Physical and Chemical Treatment There are numerous method falls under physical and chemical treatment such as anion exchange resins, cogulations, flotation, electroflotation, electrochemical destruction, irradiation, Ozonation,adsorption, and the use of activated carbon. Physical and chemical treatment is far more effective than biological treatment in decolourizing dye but it will use more energy, chemicals, and biological process hence increasing the capital cost for the treatment (Miao, 1992). Apart from that, it will lead to secondary sludge disposal problems and the release of large volumes of toxic by-products (Malakootian et al., 2015). 2.2.3.2 Biological Treatment Biological have three stages or phases. It is because before the effluent arriving to the biological phase, it will go through some physical and chemical treatment. For comparison to the physical and chemical method, physical and chemical treatment will treated physically or chemically without going through another phases. It is reported by Malakootian et al. (2015) that biological treatment is in effective in decolorizing water because most dyes as azo reactive dyes are highly water soluble, have complex structures, and are stable to light, chemical and biological degradation. The example of biological treatment are fungal biodegradation, bacteria biodegradation, yeast biodegradation, and microbial biosorption, Biological treatment has lower capital cost compared to physical treatment and chemical treatment (Miao, 1992). 2.3 Decolorizing of Dyes by Adsorption Process Absorption has been proved as the best method for treatment wastewater containing dye. It offers noteworthy advantages over customary treatment techniques particularly from the environmental perspective and its simplicity of operation and also more prominent efficiency. Some adsorbents, which are utilized for the expulsion of dye from aqueous solutions with differing achievement include activated carbon, magnesium oxide grafted chitosan, modified bentonite, TiO2 powder, TiO2 nanotube and others. Among all these materials, activated carbon is a standout amongst the most much of the time adsorbents utilized for the removal of dye from coloured waters and wastewaters, yet because of its high generation, recovery and reactivation procedure cost, research has been concentrated on alternative adsorbents with high adsorptive capacity and low cost. Therefore, recently there has been a lot of attention toward using nanotechnology methods. Nowadays using nanomethods, especially by using Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle, The large surface area allows for binding at a great number of active sites distributed within the framework of the porous materials. The large pores can overcome the pore-diffusion limitation and provide high-speed pathways for gas molecules (Rahman et al., 2015). Apart from that, it is reported that, Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle which is synthesized from natural sources claimed to safe in handling, cheap and can be generated from cheap resources (Norsuraya et al., 2016) which is bagasse ash in this case. Due to this advantages, the usage and studies regarding Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle increase exponentially as adsorbent. METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction The aim of this study is to synthesis Mesoporous silica from bagasse ash by using green route and to study the performance of the Mesoporous silica in wastewater treatment by utilizing aqueous methylene blue as the wastewater. The mesoporous silica is prepared by carrying out combustion of bagasse to produce bagasse ash and then using Sol-Gel method to make gel from the bagasse ash. The product of Sol-Gel method will undergo hydrothermal synthesis by using formaldehyde, water and without formaldehyde and water to synthesis Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle (MSN). The MSN produced will be characterize by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The performance study for wastewater treatment to treat aqueous methylene blue by using MSN will be test under four parameter which is the effect of pH, effect of MSN dosage, effect of initial concentration of the dye, and effect of temperature. The research methodology is summarized in the research flow chart in Figure 3.1 below. 3.2 Material and Methods In this study there are six stages of preparations and experiment. Which are the preparation of bagasse ash, preparation of silica gel from bagasse ash, production of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle (MSN), characterization of the MSN, Performance study of MSN and characterization of treated wastewater. 3.2.1 Preparation of Bagasse ash The material, apparatus and glassware needed for this stage as shown in table 3.1 Table 3.1: List of Materials, Glassware and Apparatus Materials Apparatus Sugarcane Bagasse Oven Furnace Sugarcane Bagasse can be collected from sugarcane juice hawker at Tampin, Negeri Sembilan. First step need to be taken is to cut the bagasse in small pieces and boil the bagasse to remove the remaining sugar in the bagasse, after that the bagasse need to be wash and rinse by using distilled water to remove impurities. After that, the bagasse will be subjected to oven drying process at 70Â °C 80 Â °C for 24 hours. To obtain ash from the bagasse, combustion are to be carried out in furnace at 800 Â °C for 3 hours at heating rate of 10 Â °C/min. The ash need to be collected and labelled as Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SBA). 3.2.2 Preparation of Silica Gel from Bagasse Ash (Sol-Gel Method) The material, apparatus and glassware needed for this stage as shown in table 3.2 Table 3.2: List of Materials, Glassware and Apparatus for Sol-Gel Method Materials Apparatus SBA Erlenmeyer Flask 1M Lye Solution (NaOH) (1 litre) Stirrer Distilled Water Beaker 1M Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4) Pipette (25 ml capacity) pH meter Boil 30g of Bagasse Ash and 1 L of 1M Lye Solution (NaOH) in Erlenmeyer flask for 1 hour with a constant stirring to dissolves the silica and produce a sodium silicate solution. Filter the solution through whatman No. 41 ashless filter paper and wash the residue with boiled distilled water. Let the filtrate to cool to room temperature. Reduce the pH of the solution to pH 7 by using 1M Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4) by using titration method and constant stirring. When gel form from the solution from the solution, age it for approximately 18 hours. After the ageing, gently broke the gel and centrifuge at 2500 rpm for 10 minutes. Discard the supernatant and transfer the gel into a beaker and dry for 11-13 hours at 80Â °C to produce xerogels. Wash with deionized water to remove minerals and impurities from the silica 3.2.3 Production of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle (Hydrothermal Synthesis) The material, apparatus and glassware needed for this stage as shown in table 3.3 Table 3.3: List of Materials, Glassware and Apparatus for Hydrothermal Synthesis Materials Apparatus Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) Conical Flask Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH) Stirrer Distilled Water Beaker Microwave Mix 0.64 g of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and 30 ml formaldehyde solution (37 wt %) in 100 ml closed conical flask and stir at 27Â °C for 5 minutes. Quickly add 2.8 ml NH4OH and stir for 30 minutes. Add 2.8 ml of silica prepared in Sol-Gel method and stir vigorously for 24 hours. Transfer the mixture to 100 ml beaker and place it in microwave at 800 Watt for 30 minutes. Filter the product and wash with deionize water and dried it overnight at 60Â °C. Calcinate the dried product in air at 540Â °C for 3 hours to remove surfactants in order to obtain MSNs. Repeat all step by replacing formaldehyde with water and without formaldehyde. The product form is Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle (MSN). 3.2.4 Characteriza

DMCA and Russia :: Copyright Laws Sharing Essays

DMCA and Russia Background Information Traditionally, book authors have had the Copyright Law to protect their creations. That changed, however, since their books have become available in electronic format. In short, the creations had been turned into information – one that can effortlessly be copied and distributed thanks to invent of computers, Internet, and (lately), cheap data storage devices. Adobe Corporation’s eBook was meant to fix that problem for the copyright owners, while letting the readers keep their rights to their copy of the book. A book translated into eBook format would contain various permissions in it, preventing the user from being able to share the book with anyone else (by tying the eBook’s decryption key to the user’s computer). Additionally, the distributor of the book would be able to specify whether the book can be transferred to paper (printed), text copied, book edited, etc. In theory, such restrictions would prevent unlawful distribution of books in electronic format. Unfortunately, the golden rule of computer security applies in full force here: the level of security is inversely proportional to the usability of the product being secured. In short, Adobe’s restrictions allowed the publishers to prevent users from printing a legal copy of the book (to read away from a computer), creating a backup copy of the book in case the computer has to be restored from a failure or upgraded, and other limitations, e.g. disabling built-in provisions for vision-impaired users. U.S. vs. Dmitry Sklyarov & ElcomSoft Since 1993, in mid- to late summer, DefCon, a yearly convention of hackers1 has occurred in Las Vegas, Nevada. In 2001, two programmers from Russia – Dmitry Sklyarov and Andy Malyshev – presented their findings of flaws in protection schemes used by the Adobe’s eBook format.2 Dmitry was arrested by the FBI half an hour before boarding a plane back to Moscow, Russia.3 Even after holding Dmitry for more than a week, no bail hearing was even scheduled. The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) – a non-profit organization dedicated to protecting the freedoms we enjoy in the physical world, in the digital world – has stepped in and started with organizing protests aimed at freeing Sklyarov from jail. These protests have been postponed while EFF representatives met with representatives from Adobe Corp. and US Attorney Office. As a result, Adobe Corp. has dropped its support of the lawsuit, but the case was not closed. It was only after 3 weeks that Dmitry was finally released, on a $50,000 bail.

Globalization Essay

Globalization and technology moves the world of business forward. Globalization and technology are essential elements in providing new grounds for business transactions. Understanding how globalization and technology work to make negotiating across countries possible. This examination will discuss the various implications of globalization and technology in the negotiation process. Further, provide insight into the value of globalization and technology in business transactions. Globalization plays a substantial role in the everyday business processes. Globalization allows companies or businesses to expand and outsource jobs to maintain a low price for products. â€Å"Negotiations and contracts constitute one of the major issues in business†(). Expansion to other countries will bring in more revenue for the business and create jobs. In a domestic business transaction, globalization may also include the expansion from one state to another. The business process may vary from state to state; moreover, the needs and wants of the consumers vary as well. In negotiation, globalization takes the same business processes into consideration regarding whether to greet people in a specific way, a preference of gender at business meetings, or even the style of business cards. Another method of globalization may be from purchasing an ethnic item at the grocery store. The negotiation process to arrive at an agreement or contract to distribute this specific ethnic product took place to allow this product to exist in the store. Undoubtedly, globalization employs the use of technology to permit an ease of business transactions. For example, instead of hosting a teleconference with the advancement of technology, businesses may videoconference and have the face-to-face connection. In relation to negotiation, videoconferencing allows the negotiations to take place through globalization. Face-to-face situations compel a negotiator to be more honest and cooperative because of the personal and emotional consequences of being caught in a lie in the face-to-face context† (Thompson, 1998, p. 267). Therefore, technology may pose as a negative factor in the negotiation process. Nevertheless, the mix of globalization, technology, and negotiation may not necessarily work together to produce an ideal outcome. Ultimately, the effects of globalization and technology in the negotiation process may be beneficial. However, adapting to the new methods of business and negotiation is important. In addition, practicing effective negotiation strategies through globalization is significant to understanding the best method of arriving at a settlement or agreement. In negotiating globally, understanding the opposing side’s culture may benefit the contract at hand. Therefore, studying the business practices of the opposing side is important to not offend them and prolong the negotiation process.

Arts Research Paper Topics #038; Ideas

Arts Research Paper Topics #038; Ideas Even though it can appear that studying arts is much easier than exact sciences such as physics or mathematics, the practice demonstrates that students frequently face particular difficulties with this subject. The reason is that arts comprise multiple branches such as visual, literary, performing, and other arts, and fully understanding and researching them can be challenging even for scholars. Nevertheless, the importance of studying arts cannot be overestimated due to various reasons. Firstly, art allows people to look at the world from a different perspective, to experience someone else’s way of seeing things, to develop one’s creative thinking, and to broaden the worldview. Secondly, taking into account that people were creating art throughout the history of humankind, its various pieces represent experience and culture of humanity at different stages of development. When a professor demands you to write a research paper on arts, you should decide on a topic first. You have to remember that being genuinely attracted by a specific area of arts is the key to choosing the right essay topic. After selecting a branch, it is essential to narrow it down and dedicate your research to a particular aspect. You can either analyze a specific timeframe, one’s biography, artistic movement or engage in thorough analysis of a specific work. Nevertheless, it can be complicated to come up with a topic for your essay, and the following topics may help you choose your direction. Topics and Ideas for Arts Research Paper Below you can find the topics for the Arts research paper: Abstract Expressionism and Its Roots When choosing this topic, it is essential to focus on the definition of abstract expressionism, the history of its appearance, and all the central events connected with it. Besides, mentioning the key peculiarities of style would also be a great idea. Finally, you can choose one or two representatives of abstract expressionism and dwell on their activity and impact. Claude Monnet vs. Edouard Manet. Similarities and Differences Before comparing the two artists, you should briefly include the information about their lives, indicate the movements they belonged to, and mention the most notable works. Then, you can proceed to contrasting their painting techniques, styles, their perceptions of art, and their influence on the world of art. Your essay should help people, who know nothing about Monet and Manet, easily distinguish between the two artists, so be precise and include both their similarities and disparities. Does Cultural Identity Influence the Creation of Art? In this composition, you should address the influence of one’s culture on art. For instance, you can write about the ways colors are perceived differently in various cultures, how the history of Afro-American oppression had an impact on Jazz or dwell on how the traditions of Ancient Egyptians were depicted in their art. Furthermore, it is possible to mention that culture and art are interdependent, and they alter each other. How Modern Musicians Are Breaking Genre Stereotypes In this essay, you can mention the definition of genre stereotype and include the key examples to illustrate the notion. After writing about the main stereotypes, you can find the examples of modern artists that are dispelling those myths with their music. For instance, write about Hans Zimmer or Ludovico Einaudi, who are breaking the stereotype that classical music is boring. Does Performance Art Have Boundaries? At the very beginning of the essay, provide an accurate definition of performance art. Then, mention its most prominent representatives. You can choose one or two artists and dwell on their activity to analyze the topic. Since performance art is all about innovation, the analysis of the artists of your choice will help you answer the question and get a better understanding of the essence of this type of art. Art in Ancient Rome When writing this essay, present a comprehensive account of the history of Roman art and introduce its most notable peculiarities. Then, you can either write about all of the forms of Roman art or focus on one specific branch such as painting, sculpture or architecture. Additionally, you can also write about its influence on other arts and modernity. Gustav Klimt’s Painting Techniques First, write about Klimt’s nationality, most notable works, and the movements he was a part of. Then, it makes sense to research the techniques he used, and analyze them on the basis of the examples of his most celebrated paintings. For instance, you can write about his use of gold in The Kiss, Palace Athene, and Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I. The Art of Street Photography Street photography is a rather extensive topic. Thus, you can mention its origins, a brief outline of its history, and the most prominent photographers. Next, it is possible to dwell on the specific techniques used in this type of photography and its various styles. Finally, you can write about legal concerns in selected countries connected with street photography as it can be illegal to take pictures in public places in some countries. Vivian Maier, the Mysterious Photographer Vivian Maier is one of the most outstanding street photographers. Thus, this essay should focus on her biography, the way her works had been discovered, her techniques and peculiarities of style, and the impact she had on the world of photography. Besides, you may analyze a few of her works, mention the movies and books about her, and write about the factors that influenced her art. Is the Author Indeed Dead or Was Barthes Mistaken? â€Å"The Death of the Author† is the essay written by Roland Barthes in which he states that a creator and art are not related; thus, any work should be analyzed without taking into account the identity of the author. To research this topic, you can mention the background of the notion, provide the arguments that Barthes included in his essay, and then state whether you agree with them or not. Besides, you can mention the opinions of other scholars regarding the issue and conclude on that basis. Jazz Music of the 21st century Jazz music was created more than one hundred years ago, and your task is to compare its past and modern forms. To do that, you can mention the foremost modern artists, subgenres of contemporary jazz, and techniques that are used nowadays. Finally, write about the role it plays in the lives of people now and how it differs from the situation in the past. Famous Paintings with Secrets and Hidden Meaning In this essay, you can analyze the peculiarities of such painting as Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci, The Ambassadors by Hans Holbein, Last Supper by Van Gogh, Arnolfini Portrait by Jan van Eyck, and Primavera by Sandro Botticelli. All of those paintings hide certain elements or messages that would be interesting to research. Dwell on the techniques used by the artists and the content they wanted to share. Why Is Everyone Afraid of Modern Art? Modern art can appear odd and not worth one’s attention for some people. Moreover, some may even be afraid of it. Your task is to give some tips on how to understand modern art and stop fearing it. You can describe the main contemporary art branches, artists, and provide some pieces of advice on how to start getting acquainted with modern art. Censorship of Art in Nazi Germany Write about the historical events that caused censorship of art, critical figures connected with it, works of art that were banned, and artists who were persecuted. Besides, this essay can focus on the opposition to censorship and various movements that were formed. You can also mention the notion of propaganda, and how Germany used art to spread their ideas. Do the Viewer’s Understanding and the Author’s Idea Ever Coincide? In this paper, discuss your understanding of the question and express your idea on whether it is possible to understand the intention of the author fully. Besides, you can cite the work of Derrida and his notion of deconstruction that means that no one can ever understand what the author meant. In addition, mention Barthes and his idea of the death of the author. The Life of Pablo Picasso Pablo Picasso is indeed the most celebrated artist of the surrealism and cubism movements. When writing about his life, do not forget to include the data about his works, style, techniques, and legacy. Since Picasso is a well-known artist, try to research some interesting information that may be unknown to a regular person. Still, the essential facts from his biography cannot be omitted. The Theatre of the Absurd. Eugene Ionesco’s Impact This topic can be analyzed by including the information about the history of the appearance of the Theater of the Absurd, its principal playwrights, and major productions. Moreover, it is essential to mention the main ideas and concepts of the theater and how they were expressed through its activity. As to Eugene Ionesco, you can write about his role in the history of the theater, his influence on the other playwrights, and his most prominent ideas. How Andy Warhol Influenced the World of Art? Andy Warhol’s impact on the world of art cannot be underestimated. This paper can focus on his main creations, the Pop Art movement, his techniques, and worldview. You can write about his use of media, as it was rather innovative and mention that Warhol had a peculiar perception of art in general. Finally, describe his legacy and role in the modern world. Ancient Greek Sculpture and Its Peculiarities While writing this paper, discuss the main characteristics of Greek sculpture and the history of its creation. Moreover, you can mention why those sculptures are so realistic. Dwell on the main periods of the development of Greek sculpture, mainly the geometric, archaic, classical, and Hellenistic. Finally, you may mention the idea of the ideal man. Who is Banksy? Banksy is probably the most mysterious artist of the 21st century. Thus, in this paper, you can include background information about his work, most notable pieces, his activity not connected with art (such as his hotel), and the theories regarding his identity. Besides, this paper can include information about the destroyed painting that was breaking the news in 2018. Conclusion Hence, arts can be researched in numerous ways, and it is up to the person to decide on an approach. The key areas that you should focus on when writing an essay are the history, most prominent artists, their works, and techniques. The rest depends on the task provided by the professor and on your personal preferences. That is why the given topics can be either extended or shortened.

Lotteries essays

Lotteries essays Lotteries Do lotteries hurt the poor? Is It hurting us Americans? Should we band the lotteries that are legalized in many states? Well, I sure do think so, but there was a time when I didnt think the lottery could be harmful to anyone. After doing some research I found that the state-run lottery can be harmful to us Americans. Who plays the lottery? The Rich? Hardly ever. They have no desire to play such games. It is the poor, the poor are the ones who play the lottery as a means to get lucky, strike it rich, and make an easy buck (Sanchez). Any get-rich-quick scheme is developed to entrap the weak and especially the poor, after all buying lottery is almost irresistible enticement to people who want to meet the needs and desire of their families but find that they cannot (Burkett). Lower-income households spend a larger percentage of their income on lotteries than families with more wealth (Sanchez). There was a toll taken in Virginia in 1997 that showed that 80% of people that made under 15k a year played the lottery, 30% of people that made 15-20k a year played the lottery, 20% of people that made 25-50k a year played the lottery, and 5% of people that made over 50k a year played the lottery (Clotfelter). Why is it that so many poor people are playing the lottery? Is it because the state uses slogans to mislead the poor? Gloria Jimenez essay Against the odds, and Against the common Good (Jimenez110) is an essay that opened my eyes to how gambling can hurt us Americans, it is about how state-run lotteries are so common in many states and how many states urge people to gamble when she believes that they should not. Jimenez believes that many states use slogans to mislead people, like the slogan used in Maryland Play Today. Cash Tomorrow (110) which falsely suggests to have money tomorrow, you have to buy a lottery ticket today. Jimenez also believes t...

Enrique's Journey Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Enrique's Journey Reflection - Essay Example ain character meets on his way forced me to realize, how precious is the family and what a price should some immigrants pay for to reunite with their families. Before reading this book I never thought that the government should somehow support the immigrants. I thought that the problems of immigrants are the problems of their own countries, ut nit the USA. I’ve heard the terrific statistics telling how many people crossed the USA boundary, but that people were only numbers for me. Earlier I never thought about the fact that those people who immigrate to the USA leave their families on the other side of the boundary. I thought of them as about people who just can’t find a job or don’t want to live in their own country and therefore come to the USA. While reading this book I got deep into the inner world of a boy, whose mother left him in Honduras and went far away to make his and her life better. The move allows her to send money back home to Enrique, due to that he can go to school. Mother promised Enrique that she will return quickly. But she had troubles in America. So due to this very book I saw how difficult it is to survive in the foreign country, where no one is really interested in your being here and someone even want you to leave. Also I saw the inside of the world of poverty, unemployment and hardships I never met in my life. I really reconsidered my opinion about immigrants after reading this book. Now I even think the government has to provide the immigrants children with a humanitarian care, shelter and legal assistance, especially for those children who have faced horrific violence in their native countries. Unfortunately not all he officials and parties are ready to help the immigrants. The book Enriques Journey helped me to open my eyes and see the other side of the both immigrant’s and my own worlds. They differ a lot. I have never been really far from my family, without staying in contact with them, without a smallest opportunity to see

Public Relations - Media coverage of a crisis Research Paper

Public Relations - Media coverage of a crisis - Research Paper Example This gave the crisis a wide reach due to the variety of media used. The internet was one of the most widely used mediums in reporting the crisis. Most media outlets have websites that display news and the use of instant messaging may have also played a great role in covering the oil spill. Most websites have subscription plans which they use to send news to members in their databases. The internet, judging from its accessibility and cost of access, was the preferred medium of coverage of the crisis. The numbers of avenues that are available for the information to be passed on the internet are vast. Ranging from blogs to email subscriptions, the coverage of the oil spill was widespread. The company, BP, also employed internet services in dispensing information with regard to the oil spill (BP). Coverage of the crisis on the televisions was also widespread. The exact duration of coverage of the crisis cannot be ascertained given that new information became available to media houses by the day. However, some television stations had live coverage of the events for several days since the start of the crisis. The number of stakeholders involved in the oil spill increased the time of coverage of the crisis. Environmentalists still get media coverage today with regard to the oil spill. This is because the impact of the crisis could not be ascertained immediately. Since it took a long time for the crisis to be brought under control, media coverage of the event continued with an analysis of the cause of the spill following the arrest of the crisis (Jennings 365). The event has been revisited several times by the media houses due to emerging details. After the crisis erupted, there was widespread coverage of the events in the Gulf of Mexico. After the situation was brought under control, its coverage also subsided. However, a report about the cause of the oil spill was later released, generating media